| Grana | Stroma |
| $(1)$ It is the membranous system of the chloroplast. | $(1)$ It is the fluid-filled matrix of the chloroplast. |
| $(2)$ It contains pigments like chlorophyll $a$,chlorophyll $b$,carotenoids,and xanthophylls. | $(2)$ It contains enzymes required for the biosynthesis of sugars. |
| $(3)$ Light-dependent reactions take place here. | $(3)$ Light-independent (dark) reactions take place here. |
| $(4)$ $ATP$ and $NADPH$ are synthesized here. | $(4)$ $ATP$ and $NADPH$ are consumed here to fix $CO_2$. |
| $PS-I$ | $PS-II$ |
| $(1)$ The reaction center is $P_{700}$. | $(1)$ The reaction center is $P_{680}$. |
| $(2)$ It absorbs light at wavelengths up to $700 \; nm$. | $(2)$ It absorbs light at wavelengths up to $680 \; nm$. |
| $(3)$ It is involved in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation. | $(3)$ It is involved only in non-cyclic photophosphorylation. |
| $(4)$ Electrons released do not necessarily return to the reaction center in non-cyclic flow. | $(4)$ Electrons released are replaced by electrons from water photolysis. |
| $(5)$ Photolysis of water does not occur. | $(5)$ Photolysis of water occurs. |
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| List-$I$ | List-$II$ |
| $a.$ $3$-carbon organic acid | $I.$ Product of light reaction |
| $b.$ $\text{ATP}$ and $\text{NADPH}$ | $II.$ Reactants of dark reaction |
| $c.$ $\text{CO}_2$ | $III.$ First $\text{CO}_2$ fixation product in dark reaction |
| $d.$ Oxaloacetic acid | $IV.$ First product of $\text{CO}_2$ fixation in the $C_4$ pathway |
| Column-$I$ | Column-$II$ |
| $(p)$ Grana region of chloroplast | $(i)$ Krebs cycle |
| $(q)$ Stroma region of chloroplast | $(ii)$ Light reaction |
| $(r)$ Cytoplasm | $(iii)$ Dark reaction |
| $(s)$ Matrix of mitochondria | $(iv)$ Glycolysis |
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