Give information about open and closed types of circulatory pathways.

(N/A) There are two types or patterns of circulatory pathways: $(i)$ Open circulatory system,$(ii)$ Closed circulatory system.
$(i)$ Open circulatory system: In this type of circulatory system,blood is transported through partial blood vessels and partial blood spaces. In this circulation,the heart pumps the blood into blood vessels,and from there,blood flows into body cavities called sinuses. This blood eventually returns to the heart. There are no blood capillaries present in this system.
This type of circulatory system is present in Arthropods and Molluscs.
$(ii)$ Closed circulatory system: The blood flows by being pumped through the heart into various blood vessels. Blood vessels form a complex network throughout the body. Valves are located to ensure the one-directional flow of blood.
Annelids and Chordates have a closed circulatory system.
This pattern of circulatory system is considered to be more advantageous as the flow of fluid can be more precisely regulated.