Identify substrate $A$ in the following conversion.
$A + \underset{\text{(excess)}}{CH_3 I} \xrightarrow{\Delta} C_2 H_5(CH_3)_3 N^+ I^-$

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$: Pure Aniline and other arylamines are usually colourless.
Statement $II$: Arylamines get coloured on storage due to atmospheric reduction.
In the light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Identify the amine formed when $ethyltrimethyl$ ammonium iodide is treated with silver hydroxide and further heated strongly.

Aniline on treatment with a mixture of conc. $HNO_3$ and conc. $H_2SO_4$ yields:

Identify $X$ and $Y$ in the following reactions:

Arrange the following compounds in the correct order of their basic strength: