Identify the correct order of steps involved in artificial hybridization in plants.

To ensure that only the desired pollens fall on the stigma in artificial hybridization process:
$(a)$ The female flower buds of a plant producing unisexual flowers need not be bagged.
$(b)$ There is no need to emasculate unisexual flowers of the selected female parent.
$(c)$ Emasculated flowers are to be bagged immediately after cross-pollination.
$(d)$ Emasculated flowers are to be bagged after the removal of anthers.
$(e)$ Bisexual flowers showing protogyny are never selected for cross.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Grafting is used to propagate plants because:

What is bagging technique? How is it useful in a plant breeding programme?

The techniques of $emasculation$ and $bagging$ are used in which of the following?

Select the appropriate option for Emasculation.