Identify the product obtained when phenol is reacted with dilute nitric acid at low temperature.

The major product of the reaction is $CH_3-CH=CH-C_6H_4-OH + HBr \rightarrow ?$

What are $X$ and $Y$ respectively in the following set of reactions?

While separating a mixture of $o-$ and $p-$nitrophenols by steam distillation,name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.

The given reaction can occur in the presence of:
$(1)$ Bromine water
$(2)$ $Br_2$ in $CS_2, 273 \ K$
$(3)$ $Br_2 / FeBr_3$
$(4)$ $Br_2$ in $CHCl_3, 273 \ K$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
[Image: Phenol reacting to form p-bromophenol as the major product]

Phenol $\xrightarrow[\Delta]{H^\oplus} X$ $\xrightarrow[(1) O_3]{(2) H_2O/Zn} Y;$ $Y$ is