If a predator overexploits its prey in an ecosystem,what might be the consequences of this?

Interspecific interaction could be

Brood parasitism is found in what?

In a humid climate,the presence of spines in shrubs is primarily:

Study the following four statements $(1-4)$ and select the two which are correct:
$(1)$ Lion eating deer and sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar in being consumers.
$(2)$ The predator starfish $Pisaster$ helps in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates.
$(3)$ Predators often lead to the extinction of prey species.
$(4)$ Production of chemicals such as nicotine and strychnine by plants is a metabolic disorder.
Which two statements are correct?

What is commensalism?