If the angle of incidence on a plane mirror is $30^{\circ}$,what is the angle of reflection (in $^{\circ}$)?

In a diagram,show the following for both a convex mirror and a concave mirror:
$(i)$ Principal axis
$(ii)$ Pole
$(iii)$ Focus
$(iv)$ Centre of curvature
$(v)$ Radius of curvature

Where is the image formed when an object is placed between the principal focus $(F)$ and the center of curvature $(C)$ of a concave mirror?

An object is placed at the following distances from a concave mirror of focal length $15 \, cm$.
$(a)$ $10 \, cm$ $(b)$ $20 \, cm$ $(c)$ $30 \, cm$ $(d)$ $40 \, cm$
Which position of the object will produce:
$(1)$ Virtual image
$(2)$ $A$ diminished real image
$(3)$ An enlarged real image
$(4)$ An image of same size

$(a)$ State the laws of refraction.
$(b)$ $A$ ray of light enters from a medium $A$ into a slab made up of a transparent substance $B$ (as shown in the figure). The refractive indices of medium $A$ and $B$ are $2.42$ and $1.65$ respectively. Complete the path of the ray of light until it emerges out of the slab.

The nature,size,and position of the image of an object produced by a lens or mirror are as shown below. Identify the lens/mirror $(X)$ used in each case and draw the corresponding complete ray diagram.