In a reaction of C_6H_5Y,the major product ( | vedclass

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(A) The group $Y$ attached to the benzene ring determines the orientation of the incoming electrophile in an electrophilic aromatic substitution react

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$-COOH$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The group $Y$ attached to the benzene ring determines the orientation of the incoming electrophile in an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.Groups that are electron-withdrawing by the inductive effect $(-I)$ or resonance effect $(-M)$ deactivate the ring and direct the incoming electrophile to the meta $(m)$ position.Among the given options:$1$. $-COOH$ is a strong electron-withdrawing group ($-M$ and $-I$ effect),which directs the incoming group to the meta position.$2$. $-Cl$ is an ortho/para director due to the resonance effect $(+M)$,despite being inductively withdrawing $(-I)$.$3$. $-OH$ and $-NH_2$ are strong ortho/para directors due to their strong $+M$ effect.Therefore,the group $Y$ that directs the product to the $m$-isomer is $-COOH$.

In a reaction of $C_6H_5Y$,the major product $(> 60\%)$ is $m$-isomer,so the group $Y$ is:

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