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(C) In a nuclear reactor,fast neutrons produced by fission have high kinetic energy. To sustain a chain reaction,these neutrons must be slowed down to

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Paraffin hydrogen

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(C) In a nuclear reactor,fast neutrons produced by fission have high kinetic energy. To sustain a chain reaction,these neutrons must be slowed down to thermal energies (about $0.025 \ eV$). This process is called moderation. Moderators are materials with light nuclei that effectively absorb kinetic energy through elastic collisions. Hydrogen-rich materials like paraffin,water,or heavy water are excellent moderators because the mass of a hydrogen nucleus is comparable to that of a neutron,allowing for maximum energy transfer during a collision. Therefore,paraffin hydrogen is used to slow down neutrons.

In an atomic reactor,the kinetic energy of fast-moving neutrons can be reduced by colliding them with:

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