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(D) To determine if variations in a character are genetically controlled,one must observe whether these traits are heritable. By crossing individuals

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Cross individuals of both extremes and see if the offsprings and parents show the same range of variations

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(D) To determine if variations in a character are genetically controlled,one must observe whether these traits are heritable. By crossing individuals representing the two extreme phenotypes of a population,we can observe the inheritance pattern in the offspring. If the offspring exhibit the same range of variations as the parents,it indicates that the trait is genetically determined and passed down through generations. This method of breeding and observation is a fundamental approach in classical genetics to distinguish between genetic variation and environmental influence.

Column-$I$ (Traits)	Column-$II$ (Type of inheritance)
$i$. Roan cattle	$a$. Multiple allelism
$ii$. Pink flowered $Mirabilis \, jalapa$ plant	$b$. Co-dominance
$iii$. Sickle cell anaemia	$c$. Incomplete dominance
$iv$. Wings in $Drosophila$	$d$. Pleiotropism

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ $1 : 2 : 1$	$(i)$ Test cross
$(b)$ $3 : 1$	$(ii)$ Law of Dominance
$(c)$ $9 : 3 : 3 : 1$	$(iii)$ Incomplete Dominance
$(d)$ $1 : 1 : 1 : 1$	$(iv)$ Law of Independent Assortment
	$(v)$ Law of Segregation

In order to determine whether variations of a character in a population were genetically controlled,the most appropriate procedure will be to

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$A$ couple has sons who are colourblind with $AB$ blood group. Identify the parents from the following.

The reason for the difference in genetic makeup in each animal species is:

Statement $A:$ Every species has a unique genetic makeup.
Statement $R:$ There is genetic variation in reproduction among all animals.

Match the following columns correctly:
Column-$I$ Column-$II$
$(a)$ $1 : 2 : 1$ $(i)$ Test cross
$(b)$ $3 : 1$ $(ii)$ Law of Dominance
$(c)$ $9 : 3 : 3 : 1$ $(iii)$ Incomplete Dominance
$(d)$ $1 : 1 : 1 : 1$ $(iv)$ Law of Independent Assortment
$(v)$ Law of Segregation

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