In the circuit shown below, $C_1 = 10 \, \mu F$, $C_2 = C_3 = 20 \, \mu F$, and $C_4 = 40 \, \mu F$. If the charge on $C_1$ is $20 \, \mu C$, then the potential difference between $X$ and $Y$ is ......... $V$.

For a hollow spherical shell of radius $R$ carrying a charge $q$,how does the electric potential $(V)$ change with respect to the distance $(s)$ from the centre?

Three identical capacitors $C_1, C_2$ and $C_3$ have a capacitance of $1.0 \mu F$ each and they are uncharged initially. They are connected in a circuit as shown in the figure and $C_1$ is then filled completely with a dielectric material of relative permittivity $\varepsilon_r$. The cell electromotive force (emf) $V_0 = 8 \ V$. First,the switch $S_1$ is closed while the switch $S_2$ is kept open. When the capacitor $C_3$ is fully charged,$S_1$ is opened and $S_2$ is closed simultaneously. When all the capacitors reach equilibrium,the charge on $C_3$ is found to be $5 \mu C$. The value of $\varepsilon_r = . . . . $

$A$ parallel plate air capacitor is connected to a battery. The plates are pulled apart at uniform speed $v$. If $x$ is the separation between the plates at any instant, then the time rate of change of electrostatic energy of the capacitor is proportional to $x^\alpha$, where $\alpha$ is . . . . . . .

Identify the correct statements:
$A$. Effective capacitance of a series combination of capacitors is always smaller than the smallest capacitance of the capacitor in the combination.
$B$. When a dielectric medium is placed between the charged plates of a capacitor, displacement of charges cannot occur due to the insulation property of the dielectric.
$C$. Increasing the area of the capacitor plate or decreasing the thickness of the dielectric is an alternate method to increase the capacitance.
$D$. For a point charge, concentric spherical shells centered at the location of the charge are equipotential surfaces.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

If the charge on a capacitor is increased by $2 \ C$,the energy stored in it increases by $21\%$. The original charge on the capacitor is....$C$