In which solvent is sulphur soluble?

In which state does the element phosphorus exist at room temperature?

Reaction between $X$ and $Y$ forms compound $Z$. $X$ loses an electron and $Y$ gains an electron. Which of the following properties is not shown by $Z$?

Name one metal and one non-metal that exist in liquid state at room temperature. Also,name two metals having a melting point less than $310\ K$ $(37\ ^\circ C)$.

Write chemical equations for the reactions taking place when:
$(i)$ Iron reacts with steam.
$(ii)$ Magnesium $(Mg)$ reacts with dilute $HCl$.
$(iii)$ Copper is heated in air.

$NH_{3}$ is used in the preparation of nitric acid by $.....$ process.