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(B) The rate law for an $S_N2$ reaction is given by: $Rate = k [Substrate] [Nucleophile]$.If the concentration of the substrate is increased by a fact

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increase by a factor of $9$

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(B) The rate law for an $S_N2$ reaction is given by: $Rate = k [Substrate] [Nucleophile]$.If the concentration of the substrate is increased by a factor of $3$ and the concentration of the nucleophile is increased by a factor of $3$,the new rate becomes:$Rate_{new} = k (3 [Substrate]) (3 [Nucleophile]) = 9 	imes k [Substrate] [Nucleophile]$.Therefore,the reaction rate increases by a factor of $9$.

Increasing the concentration of an electrophile (substrate) in a typical $S_N2$ reaction by a factor of $3$ and the concentration of the nucleophile by a factor of $3$ will change the reaction rate to

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