India was amongst the first countries in the world to initiate action plans and programmes at the national level to attain reproductive health. The programmes,called 'family planning',were initiated in the year . . . . . . in India.

Differentiate between family planning methods and family planning programmes.

Amniocentesis is a process to

Given below are two statements with respect to amniocentesis.
Statement $I$: Amniocentesis is a process in which amniotic fluid containing foetal cells is collected using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus.
Statement $II$: $X$-ray imaging is used to determine the position of the foetus in the uterus.
In light of the above statements, select the correct answer from the options given below.

The following factors indicate improved reproductive health of the society. Choose the correct option.
$A$. Better detection and cure of diseases
$B$. Better post-natal care
$C$. Medically assisted deliveries
$D$. Increased $MMR$
Select the code for the correct answer from the options given below.

Amniocentesis involves the analysis of