Let $H_1, H_2, \ldots, H_{n}$ be mutually exclusive and exhaustive events with $P(H_i) > 0, i = 1, 2, \ldots, n$. Let $E$ be any other event with $0 < P(E) < 1$.
$STATEMENT-1$: $P(H_i \mid E) > P(E \mid H_i) \cdot P(H_i)$ for $i = 1, 2, \ldots, n$.
$STATEMENT-2$: $\sum_{i=1}^{n} P(H_i) = 1$.

$A$ card from a pack of $52$ cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack,two cards are drawn and are found to be both diamonds. Find the probability of the lost card being a diamond.

$A$ bag $P$ contains $5$ white marbles and $3$ black marbles. Four marbles are drawn at random from $P$ and are put in an empty bag $Q$. If a marble drawn at random from $Q$ is found to be black,then the probability that all the three black marbles in $P$ were transferred to the bag $Q$ is:

Let $n_1$ and $n_2$ be the number of red and black balls,respectively,in box $I$. Let $n_3$ and $n_4$ be the number of red and black balls,respectively,in box $II$.
$1.$ One of the two boxes,box $I$ and box $II$,was selected at random and a ball was drawn randomly out of this box. The ball was found to be red. If the probability that this red ball was drawn from box $II$ is $\frac{1}{3}$,then the correct option$(s)$ with the possible values of $n_1, n_2, n_3$ and $n_4$ is(are):
$(A)$ $n_1=3, n_2=3, n_3=5, n_4=15$
$(B)$ $n_1=3, n_2=6, n_3=10, n_4=50$
$(C)$ $n_1=8, n_2=6, n_3=5, n_4=20$
$(D)$ $n_1=6, n_2=12, n_3=5, n_4=20$
$2.$ $A$ ball is drawn at random from box $I$ and transferred to box $II$. If the probability of drawing a red ball from box $I$,after this transfer,is $\frac{1}{3}$,then the correct option$(s)$ with the possible values of $n_1$ and $n_2$ is(are):
$(A)$ $n_1=4, n_2=6$
$(B)$ $n_1=2, n_2=3$
$(C)$ $n_1=10, n_2=20$
$(D)$ $n_1=3, n_2=6$
Give the answer for question $1$ and $2$.

$A$ certain disease has a prevalence of $1\%$ in the population. $A$ diagnostic test for the disease has a sensitivity of $98\%$ and a specificity of $95\%$. If a person from this population tests positive, then the probability that they actually have the disease is... (in $\%$)

In a toy factory,machines $A, B$,and $C$ are used to manufacture $30 \%, 40 \%$,and $30 \%$ of the output,respectively. The probabilities of toys made by machines $A, B$,and $C$ being defective are $2 \%, 3 \%$,and $1 \%$,respectively. $A$ toy is taken from the factory and is found to be defective. The probability that it was manufactured by machine $B$ is