Methemoglobinemia is caused by the presence o | vedclass

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(C) Methemoglobinemia,also known as blue baby syndrome,is caused by high concentrations of nitrate ions in drinking water. When nitrate is ingested,it

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$50 \ ppm$ of nitrate

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(C) Methemoglobinemia,also known as blue baby syndrome,is caused by high concentrations of nitrate ions in drinking water. When nitrate is ingested,it is reduced to nitrite in the body,which then oxidizes the iron in hemoglobin from the $Fe^{2+}$ state to the $Fe^{3+}$ state,forming methemoglobin. Methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen effectively,leading to tissue hypoxia. The permissible limit for nitrate in drinking water is $45 \ ppm$ or $50 \ ppm$ depending on the regulatory standard. Therefore,the presence of excess nitrate ($X = 50 \ ppm$ of nitrate) causes this condition.

Methemoglobinemia is caused by the presence of $X$ in drinking water. $X$ is

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