Name the state of matter in which
$(i)$ layers of particles can slip and slide over one another easily.
$(ii)$ particles just move around randomly because of very weak force of attraction.

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(N/A) $(i)$ Liquid: In the liquid state,the intermolecular forces are weaker than in solids,allowing the layers of particles to slip and slide over one another,which gives liquids their property of fluidity.
$(ii)$ Gaseous: In the gaseous state,the intermolecular forces of attraction are negligible,allowing particles to move randomly and freely in all directions at high speeds.

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$(a)$ Define matter and write its three states.
$(b)$ Explain how these states of matter arise due to variation in the characteristics of the particles.

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