Name the following:
$(a)$ $A$ metal that can be cut with a knife.
$(b)$ $A$ metal that is liquid at room temperature.
$(c)$ $A$ metal that has $3$ valence electrons.

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(N/A) Sodium $(Na)$ or Potassium $(K)$ are soft metals that can be easily cut with a knife.
$(b)$ Mercury $(Hg)$ is the only metal that exists in a liquid state at room temperature.
$(c)$ Aluminum $(Al)$ has an atomic number of $13$. Its electronic configuration is $(2, 8, 3)$,meaning it has $3$ valence electrons. Boron $(B)$ also has $3$ valence electrons with configuration $(2, 3)$.

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Given below are four elements with their atomic numbers:
Element Atomic Number
$A$ $16$
$B$ $11$
$C$ $3$
$D$ $14$

$(a)$ Identify the elements which belong to the same group of the Modern Periodic Table.
$(b)$ Arrange the given elements in decreasing order of atomic size.
$(c)$ Write the formula of the oxide of $B$.
$(d)$ Which of the above elements is a metalloid?

$(a)$ In this ladder (Figure),symbols of elements are jumbled up. Rearrange these symbols of elements in the increasing order of their atomic number in the Periodic Table.
$(b)$ Arrange them in the order of their group also.

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An element $X$ belongs to the $3rd$ period and group $13$ of the Modern Periodic Table.
$(a)$ Determine the valence electrons and the valency of $X$.
$(b)$ Determine the molecular formula of the compound formed when $X$ reacts with an element $Y$ (atomic number $= 8$).
$(c)$ Write the name and formula of the compound formed when $X$ combines with chlorine.

An element belongs to the third period and second group of the periodic table:
$(a)$ State the number of valence electrons in it.
$(b)$ Is it a metal or a non-metal?
$(c)$ Name the element.
$(d)$ Write the formula of its oxide.

$Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl$ and $Ar$ are the elements of the third period.
$(a)$ Which one of them is an inert gas? Why?
$(b)$ Which one of them has a valency of $4$? What kind of bond does it form: ionic or covalent?
$(c)$ Which of them are electropositive? Pick any two.

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