New York at $41^o\, N$ has .......... species and Greenland at $71^o\, N$ has ......... species.

Match $M$ and $N$ with the species-area relationship shown in the graphic representation below and choose the correct option.

Give three hypotheses for explaining why tropics show the greatest levels of species richness.

Choose the incorrect sentence$(s)$ regarding latitudinal gradients.
$(I)$ Biodiversity throughout the world shows uneven distribution.
$(II)$ According to latitudinal gradient,there is no major difference in biodiversity.
$(III)$ Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.
$(IV)$ Biodiversity increases as we move from temperate to tropical regions.

What is the exact latitudinal range for tropical regions,which harbour more species than temperate or polar areas?

Alexander von Humboldt explored which region for his research on species-area relationships?