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(C) In nuclear fission and fusion, energy is released due to the change in mass of the nuclei. According to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence princip

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Einstein mass-energy equation

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(C) In nuclear fission and fusion, energy is released due to the change in mass of the nuclei. According to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence principle, mass can be converted into energy and vice-versa, given by the equation $E = mc^2$. In fission, a heavy nucleus splits into lighter nuclei, and in fusion, lighter nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. In both processes, the total mass of the products is slightly less than the total mass of the reactants. This mass defect $(\Delta m)$ is converted into energy according to the equation $E = (\Delta m)c^2$. Therefore, both nuclear fission and fusion are explained by Einstein's mass-energy equation.

Nuclear fission and fusion can be explained on the basis of

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