Permanent hardness cannot be removed by

When chlorine water is exposed to sunlight,$O_2$ is liberated. Hence

The decreasing order of hydrogen bonding in the following forms of water is correctly represented by:
$A.$ Liquid water
$B.$ Ice
$C.$ Impure water

Plumbosolvency is a health hazard in the transportation of

Which process is used for the removal of hardness of water?

$100 \, mL$ of a water sample contains $0.81 \, g$ of calcium bicarbonate and $0.73 \, g$ of magnesium bicarbonate. The hardness of this water sample expressed in terms of equivalents of $CaCO_3$ is .............. $ppm$ (molar mass of calcium bicarbonate is $162 \, g \, mol^{-1}$ and magnesium bicarbonate is $146 \, g \, mol^{-1}$)