Pigment system-$II$ ($PS$-$II$) is concerned with:

Which are incorrect sentences for non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
$(1)$ $Z$ shape is formed when all the carriers are placed in a sequence on a redox potential scale.
$(2)$ The $4e^-$ released are accepted by various electron acceptors and finally enter into $PS-II$ instead of returning to $PS-I$.
$(3)$ In this process both $PS-I$ and $PS-II$ take part.
$(4)$ As the electrons released in various ways do not return to their original donors,such an electron transport is called non-cyclic electron transport.

In the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis,the chloroplast is directly involved in which of the following processes?

The chemiosmotic mechanism of $ATP$ synthesis was proposed by:

The specific function of light energy in the process of photosynthesis is to

Non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves