Pragya tested the solubility of four different substances at different temperatures and collected the data as given below (results are given in the following table,as grams of substance dissolved in $100 \,g$ of water to form a saturated solution).
Substance Dissolved $283 \,K$ $293 \,K$ $313 \,K$ $333 \,K$ $353 \,K$ Potassium nitrate $21$ $32$ $62$ $106$ $167$ Sodium chloride $36$ $36$ $36$ $37$ $37$ Potassium chloride $35$ $35$ $40$ $46$ $54$ Ammonium chloride $24$ $37$ $41$ $55$ $66$
$(a)$ Find the solubility of each salt at $293 \,K$. Which salt has the highest solubility at this temperature?
$(b)$ What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?
| Substance Dissolved | $283 \,K$ | $293 \,K$ | $313 \,K$ | $333 \,K$ | $353 \,K$ |
| Potassium nitrate | $21$ | $32$ | $62$ | $106$ | $167$ |
| Sodium chloride | $36$ | $36$ | $36$ | $37$ | $37$ |
| Potassium chloride | $35$ | $35$ | $40$ | $46$ | $54$ |
| Ammonium chloride | $24$ | $37$ | $41$ | $55$ | $66$ |
$(a)$ Find the solubility of each salt at $293 \,K$. Which salt has the highest solubility at this temperature?
$(b)$ What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?
(D) Solubility of each salt at $293 \,K$:
- Potassium nitrate: $32 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
- Sodium chloride: $36 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
- Potassium chloride: $35 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
- Ammonium chloride: $37 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
Ammonium chloride has the highest solubility ($37 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water) at $293 \,K$.
$(b)$ The solubility of most solid salts increases with an increase in temperature and decreases with a decrease in temperature.
- Potassium nitrate: $32 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
- Sodium chloride: $36 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
- Potassium chloride: $35 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
- Ammonium chloride: $37 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water.
Ammonium chloride has the highest solubility ($37 \,g$ per $100 \,g$ of water) at $293 \,K$.
$(b)$ The solubility of most solid salts increases with an increase in temperature and decreases with a decrease in temperature.
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