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(B) The hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of an acid (protons,$H^+$) is a classic example of acid-catalyzed reaction. \ In this process,the prot

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$B$. An acid-base catalysis

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(B) The hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of an acid (protons,$H^+$) is a classic example of acid-catalyzed reaction. \ In this process,the proton acts as a catalyst by protonating the carbonyl oxygen of the ester,which makes the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic and susceptible to nucleophilic attack by water. \ Since the catalyst (protons) and the reactants (ester and water) are in the same phase (liquid),it is classified as homogeneous catalysis,specifically acid-base catalysis.

Protons accelerate the hydrolysis of esters. This is an example of

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