The rate of the following reaction is influen | vedclass

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(A) The reaction is a nucleophilic substitution $(S_N2)$ reaction where the rate is influenced by the electron-donating ability of the group $R$ attac

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$CH_3-$

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(A) The reaction is a nucleophilic substitution $(S_N2)$ reaction where the rate is influenced by the electron-donating ability of the group $R$ attached to the benzene ring. Hyperconjugation is directly proportional to the number of $\alpha$-hydrogens available on the carbon atom directly attached to the benzene ring. $1$. For $R = CH_3-$,there are $3$ $\alpha$-hydrogens. $2$. For $R = CH_3-CH_2-$,there are $2$ $\alpha$-hydrogens. $3$. For $R = CH_3-CH(CH_3)-$,there is $1$ $\alpha$-hydrogen. $4$. For $R = CH_3-C(CH_3)_2-$,there are $0$ $\alpha$-hydrogens. Since the $CH_3-$ group provides the maximum number of $\alpha$-hydrogens $(3)$,it exhibits the strongest electron-donating effect via hyperconjugation,which stabilizes the transition state and leads to the maximum reaction rate.

The rate of the following reaction is influenced by the hyperconjugation of group $R$. The rate of reaction will be maximum when $R$ is:

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