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(B) The reaction of $SO_3$ with an aromatic ring is an electrophilic aromatic substitution (sulfonation). $SO_3$ acts as an electrophile. The rate of

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Toluene

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(B) The reaction of $SO_3$ with an aromatic ring is an electrophilic aromatic substitution (sulfonation). $SO_3$ acts as an electrophile. The rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons to the ring (activating groups) increase the electron density and make the ring more reactive towards electrophiles. $CH_3$ (methyl group) in Toluene is an electron-donating group due to the inductive effect and hyperconjugation,which activates the ring. Benzene has no substituents. Nitrobenzene $(-NO_2)$ and Chlorobenzene $(-Cl)$ have electron-withdrawing groups that deactivate the ring. Therefore,Toluene is the most reactive among the given options.

Reaction of $SO_3$ is easier in:

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