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(A) The replica plating experiment,conducted by Esther and Joshua Lederberg in $1952$,was designed to demonstrate the existence of pre-adaptive mutati

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Pre-adaptive mutation

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(A) The replica plating experiment,conducted by Esther and Joshua Lederberg in $1952$,was designed to demonstrate the existence of pre-adaptive mutations in bacteria.In this experiment,they showed that antibiotic-resistant bacterial colonies were already present in the original culture before exposure to the antibiotic.This proved that mutations occur spontaneously and randomly,rather than being induced by the environment (the antibiotic),thus supporting the concept of pre-adaptive mutation.

The replica plating experiment was performed to prove which of the following concepts?

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