Restriction endonucleases:

  • A
    Are used for in vitro $DNA$ synthesis
  • B
    Are synthesized by bacteria as part of a defense mechanism
  • C
    Are present in mammalian cells for degradation of $DNA$ when the cell dies
  • D
    Are used in genetic engineering for ligating two $DNA$ molecules

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What is the term for a molecule that carries a desired gene into a host cell for cloning?

Select the correct option. The $E. coli$ cloning vector $pBR322$ contains antibiotic resistance genes.

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$: Plasmids are autonomously replicating $DNA$.
Statement $II$: Plasmids are extrachromosomal $DNA$.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$A$ : During gel electrophoresis,the $DNA$ fragments move towards the anode.
$R$ : $DNA$ fragments are negatively charged molecules.

What is a plasmid?

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