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(C) The lac operon model was proposed by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod in $E. coli$.Statement $(i)$ is incorrect because lactose (the inducer),not

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$(ii) 	ext{ and } (iii)$

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(C) The lac operon model was proposed by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod in $E. coli$.Statement $(i)$ is incorrect because lactose (the inducer),not glucose or galactose,binds to the repressor to inactivate it.Statement $(ii)$ is correct. In the absence of the inducer (lactose),the repressor protein binds to the operator region,preventing transcription.Statement $(iii)$ is incorrect. The $z$-gene codes for $\beta$-galactosidase,while the $y$-gene codes for permease.Statement $(iv)$ is correct. The operon concept was indeed elucidated by Jacob and Monod.Therefore,statements $(ii)$ and $(iv)$ are correct.

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