Solids expand on heating because

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(D) The expansion of solids can be well understood by the potential energy curve for two adjacent atoms in a crystalline solid as a function of their

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The potential energy curve is asymmetric about the equilibrium distance between neighbouring atoms

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(D) The expansion of solids can be well understood by the potential energy curve for two adjacent atoms in a crystalline solid as a function of their internuclear separation $(r)$.At ordinary temperature: Each molecule of the solid vibrates about its equilibrium position $P_1$ between $A$ and $B$,where $r_0$ is the equilibrium distance from another molecule.At high temperature: The amplitude of vibration increases (e.g.,$C \leftrightarrow D$ and $E \leftrightarrow F$). Due to the asymmetry of the potential energy curve,the average equilibrium positions ($P_2$ and $P_3$) of the molecules are displaced. Hence,the average distance from other molecules increases $(r_2 > r_1 > r_0)$.Thus,on raising the temperature,the average equilibrium distance between the molecules increases and the solid as a whole expands.

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