Spanner and Jones suggested which of the following methods for translocation through phloem?

The hypothesis put forth by Fensom and Williams is:

Transport of different types of solute substances takes place by

Food is transported to various parts of the plant through

The translocation of organic solutes in sieve tubes occurs through which mechanism?

Consider the following statements and choose the correct option from the codes given below:
$I.$ Loading of phloem is related to the increase of sugar in phloem.
$II.$ Active loading of sugar in the sieve tube of phloem is driven by a proton pump.
$III.$ Pressure may be positive or negative in sieve tube cells.
$IV.$ Water and solutes move through the sieve tube against the pressure gradient.
$V.$ Cytoplasmic strands pass through the holes in sieve plates and form continuous filaments.