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(B) The artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) functions on the principle of dialysis.Dialysis is a process of separating small solute particles from macrom

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Dialysis

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(B) The artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) functions on the principle of dialysis.Dialysis is a process of separating small solute particles from macromolecular colloids using a selectively permeable membrane.In this process,the patient's blood is passed through a coiled cellophane tube surrounded by a dialyzing fluid,which has the same composition as plasma except for the nitrogenous wastes.Due to the concentration gradient,nitrogenous wastes move from the blood into the dialyzing fluid,thereby cleaning the blood.

Column-$I$ (Type of kidney stones)	Column-$II$ (Cause)
$A$. Calcium stones	$I$. Genetic disorder
$B$. Struvite stones	$II$. Calcium oxalates
$C$. Uric acid stones	$III$. Formed in response to infection by urea splitting bacteria
$D$. Cystine stones	$IV$. High protein diet

The artificial kidney is designed according to the principle of

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