The circuit in the figure shows two cells connected in opposition to each other. Cell $E_1$ has an $emf$ of $6 \ V$ and an internal resistance of $2 \ \Omega$. Cell $E_2$ has an $emf$ of $4 \ V$ and an internal resistance of $8 \ \Omega$. Find the potential difference between the points $A$ and $B$.

What is a series connection of cells and what is a parallel connection of cells? Explain.

$A$ cell of emf $10 \text{ V}$ and internal resistance $3 \Omega$ is connected in parallel with another cell of emf $7 \text{ V}$ and internal resistance $\frac{3}{5} \Omega$,such that their positive terminals are joined together and their negative terminals are joined together. Their combined positive terminal is joined with the negative terminal,and their combined negative terminal is joined with the positive terminal of a third cell of emf $20 \text{ V}$ with internal resistance $2 \Omega$. The combination can be replaced by a battery of emf $E$ and internal resistance $r$. The values of $E$ and $r$ are respectively:

$10$ identical cells,each of potential $E$ and internal resistance $r$,are connected in series to form a closed circuit. What is the potential difference across any $3$ cells (in $E$)?

When two identical batteries of internal resistance $1 \Omega$ each are connected in series across a resistor $R$,the rate of heat produced in $R$ is $P_1$. When the same batteries are connected in parallel across $R$,the rate of heat produced is $P_2$. If $P_1 = 2.25 P_2$,then the value of $R$ is (in $\Omega$)

$EMF$ is most closely related to