The major product of the acetylation of salicylic acid with $Ac_2O/H^+$ followed by heating with anhydrous $AlCl_3$ is

Given below are two statements :
Statement $I$ : Picric acid is $2,4,6$-trinitrotoluene.
Statement $II$ : Phenol-$2,4$-disulphonic acid is treated with conc. $HNO_3$ to get picric acid.
In the light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The phthalein test is a characteristic test for which of the following?

One mole of phenol is treated with dilute $HNO_3$ at $298 \ K$ to give a mixture of products. The mixture is separated by steam distillation. The steam volatile compound $(X)$ is separated. The increase in percentage of oxygen in $(X)$ with respect to phenol is . . . . . . $\times 10^{-1}$ %. (Given molar mass in $g \ mol^{-1}$: $H:1, C:12, N:14, O:16$)

Phenol on treatment with dil. $HNO_3$ gives two products $P$ and $Q$. $P$ is steam volatile but $Q$ is not. $P$ and $Q$ are,respectively:

Which of the following products is obtained when phenol is treated with $CHCl_3$ and $NaOH$?