The reduction product of ethyl $3$-oxobutanoate by $NaBH_4$ in methanol is

Aromatic aldehydes undergo disproportionation in the presence of concentrated sodium or potassium hydroxide to give the corresponding alcohol and acid salt. This reaction is known as:

In the reaction $CH_3CHO + HCN \to CH_3CH(OH)CN$,a chiral centre is produced. This product would be

Arrange the following in the correct order of the rate of Nucleophilic Addition Reaction $(NAR)$:
$(I) \ HCHO$
$(II) \ CH_3CHO$
$(III) \ p-NO_2-C_6H_4CHO$
$(IV) \ p-CH_3-C_6H_4CHO$

When liquid $A$ is treated with a freshly prepared ammoniacal silver nitrate solution,it gives a bright silver mirror. The liquid forms a white crystalline solid on treatment with sodium hydrogensulphite. Liquid $B$ also forms a white crystalline solid with sodium hydrogensulphite but it does not give a test with ammoniacal silver nitrate. Which of the two liquids is an aldehyde? Write the chemical equations of these reactions also.

$CH_3CHO$ reacts with aqueous $NaOH$ solution to form