The synthesis of $ATP$ in photosynthesis and respiration is essentially an oxidation-reduction process involving the removal of energy from:

In which of the following plants can hybrid embryos be obtained?

$A$ thin magnetic iron rod of length $30 \ cm$ is suspended in a uniform magnetic field. Its time period of oscillation is $4 \ s$. It is broken into three equal parts. The time period in seconds of oscillation of one part when suspended in the same magnetic field is

$(p \to q) \leftrightarrow (q \vee \sim p)$ is

The magnetic needle of a vibration magnetometer makes $12$ oscillations per minute in the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field. When an external short bar magnet is placed at some distance along the axis of the needle in the same line,it makes $15$ oscillations per minute. If the poles of the bar magnet are interchanged,the number of oscillations it makes per minute is

The incentre of the triangle with vertices $(1, \sqrt{3})$,$(0, 0)$ and $(2, 0)$ is