They are not included in decomposers.

Consider the following statements concerning food chains.
$I$. Removal of $80\; \%$ tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
$II.$ Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
$III.$ The length of food chains is generally limited to $3$ to $4$ trophic levels due to energy loss.
$IV.$ The length of food chains may vary from $2$ to $8$ trophic levels.
Which two of the above statements are correct?

Distinguish between:
$(a)$ Upright and inverted pyramid
$(b)$ Food chain and Food web

Succession in a $6 \ m$ deep pond exhibits a sequence of

Broad-leaved forests of oak are found in

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the phosphorus cycle?