Two cells $P$ and $Q$ each of emf $2.16 \text{ V}$ are connected in series with a resistor of $19.6 \text{ } \Omega$. An ideal voltmeter reads $2 \text{ V}$ when connected across the cell $P$ and $1.92 \text{ V}$ when connected across the cell $Q$. The ratio of the internal resistances of the cell $P$ and $Q$ is

Twelve cells,each having emf $E$ volts,are connected in series and are kept in a closed box. Some of these cells are wrongly connected with positive and negative terminals reversed. This $12$-cell battery is connected in series with an ammeter,an external resistance $R$ ohms,and a two-cell battery (two cells of the same type used earlier,connected perfectly in series). The current in the circuit when the $12$-cell battery and $2$-cell battery aid each other is $3 \text{ A}$,and it is $2 \text{ A}$ when they oppose each other. Then,the number of cells in the $12$-cell battery that are connected wrongly is:

The electromotive force of a primary cell is $2\,V$. When it is short-circuited,it gives a current of $4\,A$. Its internal resistance in $\Omega$ is:

What is a series connection of cells and what is a parallel connection of cells? Explain.

Two cells,each of $e.m.f.$ $E$ and internal resistance $r$,are connected in parallel across an external resistor $R$. The maximum energy delivered to the resistor occurs when:

$A$ cell of internal resistance $r$ is connected to an external resistance $R$. The current will be maximum in $R$,if