(D) Initial energy of the system,$U_i = \frac{1}{2} CV_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} CV_2^2 = \frac{1}{2} C(V_1^2 + V_2^2)$.When the capacitors are connected in p

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(D) Initial energy of the system,$U_i = \frac{1}{2} CV_1^2 + \frac{1}{2} CV_2^2 = \frac{1}{2} C(V_1^2 + V_2^2)$.When the capacitors are connected in parallel,the common potential is $V = \frac{CV_1 + CV_2}{C + C} = \frac{V_1 + V_2}{2}$.Final energy of the system,$U_f = \frac{1}{2}(2C)V^2 = C \left(\frac{V_1 + V_2}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{4} C(V_1 + V_2)^2$.Decrease in energy,$\Delta U = U_i - U_f = \frac{1}{2} C(V_1^2 + V_2^2) - \frac{1}{4} C(V_1 + V_2)^2$.$\Delta U = \frac{1}{4} C [2V_1^2 + 2V_2^2 - (V_1^2 + V_2^2 + 2V_1V_2)]$.$\Delta U = \frac{1}{4} C(V_1^2 + V_2^2 - 2V_1V_2) = \frac{1}{4} C(V_1 - V_2)^2$.

Class 12 Physics Electric Potential and Capacitance Sharing of Charge in Capacitor Circuit

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Two identical capacitors have the same capacitance $C$. One of them is charged to potential $V_1$ and the other to $V_2$. The negative ends of the capacitors are connected together. When the positive ends are also connected,the decrease in energy of the combined system is

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A
$\frac{1}{4} C(V_1^2 + V_2^2)$
B
$\frac{1}{4} C(V_1^2 - V_2^2)$
C
$\frac{1}{4} C(V_1 + V_2)^2$
D
$\frac{1}{4} C(V_1 - V_2)^2$

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Electric Potential and Capacitance

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Sharing of Charge in Capacitor Circuit

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Two identical capacitors have the same capacitance $C$. One of them is charged to potential $V_1$ and the other to $V_2$. The negative ends of the capacitors are connected together. When the positive ends are also connected,the decrease in energy of the combined system is

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Energy $E$ is stored in a parallel plate capacitor $C_1$. An identical uncharged capacitor $C_2$ is connected to it,kept in contact with it for a while,and then disconnected. The energy stored in $C_2$ is

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Two capacitors $C_1$ and $C_2 = 2C_1$ are connected with a switch $S$ as shown in the figure. Initially,the switch is open and the charge on capacitor $C_1$ is $Q$. Now,when the switch is closed,the final charges on the capacitors are:

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