(D) Typhoid fever is caused by the pathogenic bacterium $Salmonella$ $typhi$. It is transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food and water.

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(D) Typhoid fever is caused by the pathogenic bacterium $Salmonella$ $typhi$. It is transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food and water. Common symptoms include high fever, weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache, and loss of appetite. Therefore, it is classified as a bacterial disease.