Vernalization is done at

During the photoperiodic induction,$........$ is translocated from leaves to shoot buds to induce flowering.

$A$ hypothetical 'florigen' could be produced prematurely in a long-day plant by exposing it to:

There are many plants that do not show any correlation between exposure to light duration and the induction of flowering. Such plants are called $..........$.

What will be the effect on phytochrome in a plant subjected to continuous red light?

Phytochrome plays an important role in