What are the rules of binomial nomenclature?

(N/A) Binomial nomenclature is a standardized system of naming living organisms.
The universal rules of binomial nomenclature are as follows:
$(1)$ Biological names are generally in Latin and written in italics. They are Latinized or derived from Latin, irrespective of their origin.
$(2)$ The first word in a biological name represents the genus, while the second component denotes the specific epithet.
$(3)$ Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are separately underlined, or when printed, are written in italics to indicate their Latin origin.
$(4)$ The first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter, while the specific epithet starts with a small letter.
This can be illustrated with the example of $Mangifera \, indica$.
$(5)$ The name of the author appears after the specific epithet, i.e., at the end of the biological name, and is written in an abbreviated form, e.g., $Mangifera \, indica \, Linn$.
This indicates that this species was first described by Linnaeus.