What can be said about the electric charge if the electric flux associated with a closed loop (surface) is zero?

  • A
    The net charge inside the surface is zero.
  • B
    The electric field inside the surface is zero.
  • C
    The charge is present outside the surface.
  • D
    Both $(A)$ and $(C)$ are possible.

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An infinitely long thin non-conducting wire is parallel to the $z$-axis and carries a uniform line charge density $\lambda$. It pierces a thin non-conducting spherical shell of radius $R$ in such a way that the arc $PQ$ subtends an angle $120^{\circ}$ at the centre $O$ of the spherical shell,as shown in the figure. The permittivity of free space is $\epsilon_0$. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
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