Class 11ChemistryClassification of Elements and Periodicity in PropertiesValency and oxidation state
MediumWhat is valency? Explain.
Valency is defined as the combining capacity of an element. It represents the number of electrons an atom needs to lose,gain,or share to achieve a stable octet configuration in its outermost shell.
The valency of representative elements is usually equal to the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals or equal to $8$ minus the number of outermost electrons as shown below:
The valency of representative elements is usually equal to the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals or equal to $8$ minus the number of outermost electrons as shown below:
| Group | $1$ | $2$ | $13$ | $14$ | $15$ | $16$ | $17$ | $18$ |
| Number of valence electrons | $1$ | $2$ | $3$ | $4$ | $5$ | $6$ | $7$ | $8$ |
| Valency | $1$ | $2$ | $3$ | $4$ | $3$ | $2$ | $1$ | $0$ |
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