What provides the restoring force in the following cases?
$(1)$ Compressed spring.
$(2)$ Displacement of water in a $U$-tube.
$(3)$ Displacement of a pendulum bob from its mean position.

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(N/A) $(1)$ The restoring force is provided by the elasticity of the material of the spring,which acts according to Hooke's Law $(F = -kx)$.
$(2)$ The restoring force is provided by the weight of the water column (gravity) that is displaced,creating a pressure difference that pulls the water back to equilibrium.
$(3)$ The restoring force is provided by the tangential component of the weight of the bob $(mg \sin \theta)$,which acts to return the bob to its mean position.

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