When a negative charge is taken at a height from the Earth's surface,its potential energy:

The distance between $H^+$ and $Cl^-$ ions in an $HCl$ molecule is $1.28 \, \mathring{A}$. What will be the electric potential due to this dipole at a distance of $12 \, \mathring{A}$ on the axis of the dipole (in $, V$)?

When a dipole placed parallel to electric field is rotated through $\pi^c$, the work done is $W$. The work done in rotating the dipole through $(\frac{\pi}{3})^c$ is $(\cos 0^\circ = 1, \cos 60^\circ = \frac{1}{2}, \cos 180^\circ = -1)$

An electric dipole is as shown in the figure. The electric potential at point $P$ due to the dipole is $[\epsilon_0 = \text{permittivity of free space}]$.

Three charges are placed along the $x$-axis at $x = -a$,$x = 0$,and $x = a$ as shown in the figure. The potential energy of the system is

$A$ molecule of a substance has a permanent electric dipole moment of magnitude $10^{-29} \; C \; m$. $A$ mole of this substance is polarized (at low temperature) by applying a strong electrostatic field of magnitude $10^{6} \; V \; m^{-1}$. The direction of the field is suddenly changed by an angle of $60^{\circ}$. Estimate the heat released (in $J$) by the substance in aligning its dipoles along the new direction of the field. For simplicity,assume $100 \%$ polarization of the sample.