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(D) For light nuclei,the number of protons and neutrons is roughly equal,so the neutron-proton ratio is approximately $1$. As the atomic number $A$ in

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$(A)$ and $(C)$ both

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(D) For light nuclei,the number of protons and neutrons is roughly equal,so the neutron-proton ratio is approximately $1$. As the atomic number $A$ increases,the Coulomb repulsion between protons increases,requiring more neutrons to provide additional nuclear force to maintain stability,causing the ratio to increase beyond $1$.Regarding binding energy,for light nuclei,the binding energy per nucleon increases as the mass number increases,reaching a maximum for nuclei like $Fe$ $(A \approx 56)$. For heavier nuclei,the binding energy per nucleon decreases due to the increasing Coulomb repulsion between protons.Therefore,both statements $(A)$ and $(C)$ are correct.

When the atomic number $A$ of the nucleus increases,

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