Which among the following sources contains caryophyllene?

The following reaction is given:
$\xrightarrow{\text{Electrolysis}} A$
$A$ is

The electrophile,$E^{+}$,attacks the benzene ring to generate the intermediate $\sigma$-complex. Which $\sigma$-complex is of lowest energy?

Benzene is treated with oleum to produce compound $(X)$,which when further heated with molten sodium hydroxide followed by acidification produces compound $(Y)$. The compound $(Y)$ is treated with zinc metal to produce compound $(Z)$. Identify the structure of compound $(Z)$ from the following options.

Which of the following is not an aromatic compound?

Aromatic compounds burn with a sooty flame because