Which compound exhibits the maximum dipole mo | vedclass

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(C) The dipole moment $(\mu)$ is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge $(q)$ and the distance $(d)$ between the centers of positive an

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p-Nitroaniline

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(C) The dipole moment $(\mu)$ is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge $(q)$ and the distance $(d)$ between the centers of positive and negative charges,i.e.,$\mu = q 	imes d$. In $p$-nitroaniline,the electron-donating $-NH_2$ group and the electron-withdrawing $-NO_2$ group are at the para positions. Due to resonance,there is a significant charge separation where the lone pair on the nitrogen of the $-NH_2$ group is delocalized towards the $-NO_2$ group,creating a strong polar structure with a large distance between the partial positive and negative charges. This resonance effect is most pronounced in the para isomer due to its linear geometry,leading to the maximum dipole moment compared to the ortho and meta isomers.

Which compound exhibits the maximum dipole moment among the following?

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