Which mutation causes a change in an allele?

Mutations generally result in .......

The following diagram shows two chromosomes and the letters represent the genes.
Chromosome $1$:

$P$

$Q$

$R$

$S$

$T$

$U$

$V$

$W$

Chromosome $2$:

$E$

$F$

$G$

$H$

Which of the following would result if a translocation occurred between chromosome $1$ and $2$?

Select the incorrect option for mutation.

What is the effect of a change in a single base pair of $DNA$?

The type of genetic mutation that involves the substitution of a purine with a pyrimidine or vice versa (or the replacement of one type of base with another type of base) is known as: